Chattanooga, Tennessee

Profile:

In 1816 Chief John Ross, leader of the Cherokee nation, established Ross’s Landing as a trading post on the banks of the Tennessee River on the site of what is now Chattanooga. In 1837–38 the Cherokee were driven from their homes and sent west via transit camps, one of which was Ross’s Landing. In 1838 the U.S. Post Office changed its name to Chattanooga—a word that might be derived from a Native American expression for “rock that comes to a point,” describing nearby Lookout Mountain.

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Chattanooga, well supplied locally with iron and timber, became a diversified manufacturing center. It was helped out of the Great Depression when Congress created the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in 1933, the largest power utility in the U.S., and made Chattanooga its headquarters.

Now the local economy includes a diverse mix of manufacturing and service industries, plus four colleges and several preparatory schools. Since 1982, Chattanooga has adopted a number of plans to modernize and revitalize itself, including the recent $120-million 21st Century Waterfront Plan to redevelop the downtown.

Population:

City population: 155,000 in 2005 (estimated), 148th-most populous in the U.S. in 2000
Metro area: 465,000 in 2000, 89th-most populous in the U.S.
Change in Chattanooga’s population in the 1990s: +2,694 (+1.8%)

Interesting Facts:

Due to abundant nearby natural resources, in Chattanooga electricity and natural gas are available at low rates
Elevation: 685 feet
Median value of a Chattanooga house/condo in 2005: $109,400
Median real estate property taxes paid for housing units with mortgages in 2005: $1,131
Number of single-family new-home construction permits issued in 2005: 711 buildings, average cost: $138,700
The average annual temperature in Chattanooga is 60.5º F
In 1882, on the slope of Lookout Mountain, Native Americans fought the frontiersmen who had destroyed their villages, a confrontation now called “the last battle of the American Revolution”
In 1935, and from 1993 to 1995, Chattanooga hosted the National Folk Festival

Demographic:

The racial makeup of Chattanooga:
- White (58.9%)
- Black (36.1%)
- Hispanic (2.1%)
- Two or more races (1.3%)
- Other race (1.0%)
- American Indian (0.7%)
- Asian Indian (0.6%)
Median age: 36.8
Ancestries: United States (12.3%), English (7.9%), Irish (7.5%), German (6.4%), Scotch-Irish (2.2%), Scottish (1.9%)
Among people in Chattanooga age 25 and above, 21.5% have a college degree
Average household size: 2.29

Avg. Family Income:

Median household income in 2005: $32,174

Transportation:

An extensive system of highway, air, water, and rail transportation helps make the city a major transportation and distribution center. In addition, the city has a designated Foreign Trade Zone
Three interstate highways, I-75, I-24, and I-59, converge near Chattanooga
The Chattanooga Area Regional Transportation Authority (CARTA) provides scheduled public bus transportation
Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport/Lovell Field, 15 minutes from downtown, offers 52 flights daily