Cleveland, Ohio

Profile:

U.S. General Moses Cleaveland was sent in 1796 to survey the half-million-acre Western Reserve in what is now northeastern Ohio, but the land was not developed until 1799, when Lorenzo Carter arrived at the townsite. Cleveland’s location on Lake Erie made it well situated for development in transportation and industry, especially after 1832, when it became the northern terminus of a canal system linked to the Ohio River.

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Cleveland became an industrial city based on heavy manufacturing, producing automotive parts, machine tools, steel, and chemicals, among many other things. It is still a major business center, with 11 Fortune 500 companies headquartered there.

Like all “Rust Belt” cities, it suffered decline in the 1950s and 60s, hitting a low point in 1969 when the polluted Cuyahoga River actually burst into flames. However, starting in the early 1980s, neighborhood groups initiated an effort to revitalize Cleveland, and in 2005 The Economist magazine ranked Cleveland, along with Pittsburgh, as the most livable city in the U.S.

Population:

City population: 452,000 in 2005 (estimated), 40th-most populous in the U.S.
Metro area: 2.3 million in 2000, 16th-most populous in the U.S.
Change in Cleveland’s population in the 1990s: 0.2%

Interesting Facts:

Elevation: 690 feet
Median value of a Cleveland house/condo in 2005: $86,900
Median real estate property taxes paid for housing units with mortgages in 2005: $1,270
Number of single-family new-home construction permits issued in 2005: 345 buildings, average cost: $94,100
The average annual temperature in Cleveland is 49.6º F
The current spelling of Cleveland is due to a newspaper compositor who dropped the first “a” from Cleaveland in order to fit the name on the newspaper masthead

Demographic:

The racial makeup of Cleveland:
- Black (51.0%)
- White Non-Hispanic (38.8%)
- Hispanic (7.3%)
- Other race (3.6%)
- Two or more races (2.2%)
- American Indian (0.9%)
Median age: 33.0
Ancestries: German (9.2%), Irish (8.2%), Polish (4.8%), Italian (4.6%), English (2.8%), United States (2.7%)
Among people in Cleveland age 25 and above, 11.4% have a college degree
Average household size: 2.44

Avg. Family Income:

Median household income in 2005: $24,100

Transportation:

Three interstates intersect downtown Cleveland: I-77 and I-71, which run north–south, and I-90, which runs east–west. I-480 connects the eastern and western Cleveland suburbs and runs south of the city; I-490 does the same by connecting I-90 and I-71 to I-77
Cleveland-Hopkins International Airport, the Midwestern hub for Continental Airlines, is served by 12 national, two international, and 11 commuter carriers. It served 11.5 million passengers in 2005.
The Regional Transit Authority (RTA) operates Cleveland's extensive rapid transit system.